Percorso diagnostico nell’embolia polmonare acuta: le raccomandazioni dei ricercatori dello studio PIOPED II Diagnostic pathways in acute pulmonary embolism: recommendations of the PIOPED II investigators

نویسندگان

  • Mauro Campanini
  • M. Campanini
چکیده

In studi autoptici la prevalenza di embolia polmonare (EP) fatale o comunque concausa di morte varia fra il 3 e l’8%. Sempre dati autoptici, anche recenti, hanno dimostrato che oltre il 70% di EP maggiori non era stato diagnosticato in vita. Mentre la mortalità per EP non trattata è pari al 30%, il trattamento adeguato la riduce al 2-8%. Assume, pertanto, fondamentale importanza un corretto approccio diagnostico al paziente con sospetta EP. La diagnosi clinica di EP è difficile e poco sicura; infatti l’EP è presente solo in un terzo dei pazienti nei quali viene sospettata [1]. Il sospetto clinico è però fondamentale per un iniziale processo diagnostico corretto, che permetta di valutare in modo preciso il grado di probabilità di EP, così da guidare poi gli ulteriori accertamenti per arrivare alla diagnosi di certezza. La possibilità di porre diagnosi sicura di EP si è affermata nel 1960 con l’utilizzo dell’angiografia polmonare. In seguito la scintigrafia polmonare ventilatoria/perfusoria (V/Q) è divenuta la tecnica più diffusa e lo studio Prospective Investigation of Pulmonary Embolism Diagnosis (PIOPED) [2], nel 1990, ha valutato quale fosse il ruolo di questa metodica nella diagnosi di EP. Lo studio PIOPED II ha invece affrontato la diagnosi di EP, dopo una precisa stratificazione del rischio clinico, con TRIAL CLINICI E REVISIONE CRITICA DELLA LETTERATURA

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Diagnostic pathways in acute pulmonary embolism: recommendations of the PIOPED II investigators.

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تاریخ انتشار 2008